diff --git a/packages/i18n/package.json b/packages/i18n/package.json
index 5c2e2fe2..a79a4f0a 100644
--- a/packages/i18n/package.json
+++ b/packages/i18n/package.json
@@ -11,5 +11,8 @@
         "coverage": "nyc npm run test",
         "build": "tsc",
         "docs": "typedoc"
+    },
+    "devDependencies": {
+        "@mtcute/client": "workspace:^1.0.0"
     }
 }
diff --git a/packages/i18n/src/index.ts b/packages/i18n/src/index.ts
index 329630f9..61d28552 100644
--- a/packages/i18n/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/i18n/src/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import { MtArgumentError, ParsedUpdate } from '@mtcute/client'
 import {
     I18nValue,
     MtcuteI18nAdapter,
@@ -21,7 +20,7 @@ export interface MtcuteI18nParameters<Strings, Input> {
         name: string
 
         /**
-         * Strings for the language.
+         * Strings for the language. Can be a function to support backrefs
          */
         strings: Strings
     }
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ export function createMtcuteI18n<Strings, Input>(
     }
 
     if (!(defaultLanguage in indexes)) {
-        throw new MtArgumentError(
+        throw new TypeError(
             'defaultLanguage is not a registered language'
         )
     }
diff --git a/packages/i18n/src/plurals/english.ts b/packages/i18n/src/plurals/english.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..897b825a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/i18n/src/plurals/english.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import { I18nValue, I18nValueDynamic } from "../types";
+
+export function ordinalSuffixEnglish(n: number): string {
+    const v = n % 100
+    if (v > 3 && v < 21) return 'th'
+    switch (v % 10) {
+        case 1:
+            return 'st'
+        case 2:
+            return 'nd'
+        case 3:
+            return 'rd'
+        default:
+            return 'th'
+    }
+}
+
+export function pluralizeEnglish<T>(n: number, one: T, many: T): T {
+    return n === 1 ? one : many
+}
+
+export function createPluralEnglish<Args extends any[] = []>(
+    one: I18nValue<[number, ...Args]>,
+    many: I18nValue<[number, ...Args]>
+): I18nValueDynamic<[number, ...Args]> {
+    if (typeof one === 'function' && typeof many === 'function') {
+        return (n, ...args) => (n === 1 ? one(n, ...args) : many(n, ...args))
+    }
+
+    if (typeof one === 'string' && typeof many === 'string') {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
+        return (n, ...args) => (n === 1 ? one : many)
+    }
+
+    if (typeof one === 'string' && typeof many === 'function') {
+        return (n, ...args) => (n === 1 ? one : many(n, ...args))
+    }
+
+    if (typeof one === 'function' && typeof many === 'string') {
+        return (n, ...args) => (n === 1 ? one(n, ...args) : many)
+    }
+
+    throw new TypeError()
+}
diff --git a/packages/i18n/src/plurals/russian.ts b/packages/i18n/src/plurals/russian.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d560f27d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/i18n/src/plurals/russian.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import { I18nValue, I18nValueDynamic } from '../types'
+
+export function pluralizeRussian<T>(
+    n: number,
+    one: T,
+    few: T,
+    many: T
+): T {
+    // reference: https://unicode-org.github.io/cldr-staging/charts/latest/supplemental/language_plural_rules.html#ru
+
+    // one: 1 книга
+    // few: 2 книги, 3 книги, 4 книги
+    // many: 5 книг, 10 книг, 20 книг, 100 книг (also 0 книг, нет книг)
+
+    const mod10 = n % 10
+    const mod100 = n % 100
+
+    if (mod10 === 1 && mod100 !== 11) return one
+    if (mod10 >= 2 && mod10 <= 4 && (mod100 < 10 || mod100 >= 20)) return few
+    return many
+}
+
+export function createPluralRussian<Args extends any[] = []>(
+    one: I18nValue<[number, ...Args]>,
+    few: I18nValue<[number, ...Args]>,
+    many: I18nValue<[number, ...Args]>
+): I18nValueDynamic<[number, ...Args]> {
+    return (n, ...args) => {
+        const val = pluralizeRussian(n, one, few, many)
+        if (typeof val === 'function') return val(n, ...args)
+        return val
+    }
+}
diff --git a/packages/i18n/src/types.ts b/packages/i18n/src/types.ts
index e287167a..135d38f5 100644
--- a/packages/i18n/src/types.ts
+++ b/packages/i18n/src/types.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
-import { FormattedString, ParsedUpdate } from '@mtcute/client'
+import type { FormattedString } from '@mtcute/client'
 
 type Values<T> = T[keyof T]
 type SafeGet<T, K extends string> = T extends Record<K, any> ? T[K] : never
 
-export type I18nValue =
-    | string
-    | FormattedString<any>
-    | ((...args: any[]) => string | FormattedString<any>)
+export type I18nValueLiteral = string | FormattedString<any>
+export type I18nValueDynamic<Args extends any[] = any[]> = (
+    ...args: Args
+) => I18nValueLiteral
+
+export type I18nValue<Args extends any[] = any[]> =
+    | I18nValueLiteral
+    | I18nValueDynamic<Args>
 
 type NestedKeysDelimited<T> = Values<{
     [key in Extract<keyof T, string>]: T[key] extends I18nValue
@@ -21,13 +25,13 @@ type GetValueNested<T, K extends string> = K extends `${infer P}.${infer Q}`
 type ExtractParameter<Strings, K extends string> = GetValueNested<
     Strings,
     K
-> extends (...params: infer R) => any
+> extends (...params: infer R) => I18nValueLiteral
     ? R
-    : never
+    : []
 
 export type MtcuteI18nAdapter<Input> = (obj: Input) => string | null | undefined
 
-export type MtcuteI18nFunction<Strings, Input = ParsedUpdate['data']> = <
+export type MtcuteI18nFunction<Strings, Input> = <
     K extends NestedKeysDelimited<Strings>
 >(
     lang: Input | string | null,
diff --git a/packages/i18n/tests/i18n.spec.ts b/packages/i18n/tests/i18n.spec.ts
index 13dcf334..1e65cd93 100644
--- a/packages/i18n/tests/i18n.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/i18n/tests/i18n.spec.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import { describe, it } from 'mocha'
 import { expect } from 'chai'
-import { createMtcuteI18n } from '../src'
-import { OtherLanguageWrap } from '../src/types'
+import { createMtcuteI18n, OtherLanguageWrap } from '../src'
 import { Message, PeersIndex } from '@mtcute/client'
+import { createPluralEnglish, pluralizeEnglish } from '../src/plurals/english'
+import { createPluralRussian } from '../src/plurals/russian'
 
 describe('i18n', () => {
     const en = {
@@ -16,18 +17,27 @@ describe('i18n', () => {
                 fn: () => 'Hello',
             },
         },
+        plural: createPluralEnglish('a message', (n) => `${n} messages`),
+        plural2: createPluralEnglish(
+            'a message',
+            (n: number, s: string) => `${n} messages from ${s}`
+        ),
+        plural3: (n: number) =>
+            `${n} ${pluralizeEnglish(n, 'message', 'messages')}`,
     }
     const ru: OtherLanguageWrap<typeof en> = {
         direct: 'Привет',
-        // fn: () => 'World',
         withArgs: (name: string) => `Привет ${name}`,
-        // withArgsObj: ({ name }: { name: string }) => `Welcome ${name}`,
         nested: {
-            // string: 'Hello',
             nested: {
                 fn: 'Привет',
             },
         },
+        plural: createPluralRussian(
+            (n) => `${n} сообщение`,
+            (n) => `${n} сообщения`,
+            (n) => `${n === 0 ? 'нет' : n} сообщений`
+        ),
     }
 
     const tr = createMtcuteI18n({
@@ -99,10 +109,32 @@ describe('i18n', () => {
                 strings: en,
             },
             otherLanguages: { ru },
-            adapter: (num: number) => num === 1 ? 'en' : 'ru',
+            adapter: (num: number) => (num === 1 ? 'en' : 'ru'),
         })
 
         expect(tr(1, 'direct')).to.equal('Hello')
         expect(tr(2, 'direct')).to.equal('Привет')
     })
+
+    describe('plurals', () => {
+        it('should pluralize correctly in english', () => {
+            expect(tr('en', 'plural', 1)).to.equal('a message')
+            expect(tr('en', 'plural', 2)).to.equal('2 messages')
+
+            expect(tr('en', 'plural2', 1, 'baka')).to.equal('a message')
+            expect(tr('en', 'plural2', 2, 'baka')).to.equal(
+                '2 messages from baka'
+            )
+
+            expect(tr('en', 'plural3', 1)).to.equal('1 message')
+            expect(tr('en', 'plural3', 2)).to.equal('2 messages')
+        })
+
+        it('should pluralize correctly in russian', () => {
+            expect(tr('ru', 'plural', 0)).to.equal('нет сообщений')
+            expect(tr('ru', 'plural', 1)).to.equal('1 сообщение')
+            expect(tr('ru', 'plural', 2)).to.equal('2 сообщения')
+            expect(tr('ru', 'plural', 5)).to.equal('5 сообщений')
+        })
+    })
 })
diff --git a/packages/i18n/typedoc.js b/packages/i18n/typedoc.js
index 56296ca7..dde39d0c 100644
--- a/packages/i18n/typedoc.js
+++ b/packages/i18n/typedoc.js
@@ -7,5 +7,9 @@ module.exports = {
         '../../docs/packages/' +
         require('./package.json').name.replace(/^@.+\//, '')
     ),
-    entryPoints: ['./src/index.ts'],
+    entryPoints: [
+        './src/index.ts',
+        './src/plurals/english.ts',
+        './src/plurals/russian.ts',
+    ],
 }